KIKKAWA Takuro    Department   Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University  College of Asia Pacific Studies    Position   Professor
Research Period	2013/04～2017/03
Research Topic	Comparative Empirical Studies on regime changes in the Middle East and Latin America: Political Parties, Military and Civil Society
Research Type	Individual Research
Research Division	KAKENHI Research
Consignor	Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Research Program Type	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
KAKENHI Grant No.	25301016
Responsibility	Research Contributor
Representative Person	SUECHIKA Kota
Collaborative Researcher	YASUI SHIN, SENGOKU MANABU
Details	This research focused on roles of the political parties, military, and social movements in the regimes changes in the Middle East and Latin America. It is likely that the most significant determinant for the regime changes and political transition is the military; i.e. whether or not it has matured 'professionalism' and what ethnic, sectarian, class components it has. As for the social movements, conceptualization and theorization of their political outcomes for the political changes in the both regions as the social science has traditionally put significant emphasis on its formation and development instead. Therefore, this research could observe that the outcomes of the social movements in the Middle East and Latin America often seem 'unpredictable', which is not necessarily relevant to their initial objectives. Thus, the research will need more case studies for the future development of this matter.